Version	Bandwidth	Resolution	Refresh rate
HDMI	1.0-1.2	4.95 Gbps	1080p	60 Hz
	1.3-1.4	10.2 Gbps	1080p	144 Hz
			4K	30 Hz
	2	18.0 Gbps	1080p	240 Hz
			4K	60 Hz
	2.1	48 Gbps	4K	144 Hz
			8K	30Hz
DisplayPort
	1.0-1.1	10.8 Gbps	1080p	144 Hz
			4K	30 Hz.
	1.2	21.6 Gbps	1080p	240 Hz
			4K	75 Hz
	1.3	32.4 Gbps	1080p	360 Hz
			4K	120 Hz
			5K	60 Hz
			8K	30 Hz
	1.4	32.4 Gbps	8K	60 Hz HDR
	2	80.0 Gbps	16K	60 Hz HDR
			10K	HDR off at 80 Hz

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🔌 HDMI 2.2 vs DisplayPort 2.1b (2025 Edition)

Bandwidth, Resolution, Refresh Rate, and Use Cases

As of 2025, both HDMI and DisplayPort have evolved dramatically. Whether you’re building a sovereign workstation, upgrading a gaming rig, or designing immersive signage, understanding these standards is essential.

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📊 Specification Table

Standard	Bandwidth	Max Resolution	Max Refresh Rate	Cable Type
HDMI 2.2	96 Gbps	16K	4K @ 480Hz<br>8K @ 240Hz<br>10K @ 120Hz	Ultra96 certified
DisplayPort 2.1b	80 Gbps (DP80LL)	16K	10K @ 120Hz HDR<br>8K @ 240Hz	DP80LL low-loss

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🆕 What’s New in HDMI 2.2

• Bandwidth doubled from HDMI 2.1’s 48 Gbps to 96 Gbps
• Supports 4K @ 480Hz, 8K @ 240Hz, and 10K @ 120Hz
• Introduces Latency Indication Protocol (LIP) for better audio-video sync
• Requires Ultra96 cables to unlock full spec
• Ideal for AR/VR, medical imaging, light field displays, and digital signage
• Backward compatible with HDMI 2.1 and earlier

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🆕 What’s New in DisplayPort 2.1b

• Maintains 80 Gbps bandwidth but introduces DP80LL (Low Loss) cable spec
• Enables longer cable runs without signal degradation
• Supports 16K resolution, 10K @ 120Hz HDR, and 8K @ 240Hz
• Backward compatible with DisplayPort 2.1 and USB4/Thunderbolt 5
• Preferred for gaming monitors, professional workstations, and multi-display setups

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🧠 Use Case Breakdown

Use Case	Recommended Standard	Why?
Gaming (competitive)	DisplayPort 2.1b	Higher refresh rates, lower latency
Home theater / TVs	HDMI 2.2	AV sync, backward compatibility
AR/VR headsets	HDMI 2.2	Ultra-high refresh rates, LIP protocol
Medical imaging	HDMI 2.2 or DisplayPort	Depends on display type and cable length
Multi-monitor setups	DisplayPort 2.1b	Daisy-chaining, longer cable support
Digital signage	HDMI 2.2	16K support, robust sync features

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📚 Sources

• PCWorld: HDMI 2.2 vs DisplayPort 2.1b Explained
• TechSpot: CES 2025 Display Standards Overview
• Gigazine: HDMI 2.2 and DisplayPort 2.1b Announced

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